Science Class:-6, Chapter:- 1 (Food: Where Does it Come From ? ) Notes, NCERT Solutions & Frequently Asked Questions

Science

Class:-6, Chapter:- 1

(Food: Where Does it Come From ? )

Notes, NCERT Solutions & Frequently Asked Questions

-- Notes --

⭐Food:- A substance that provides energy to our body to do our daily life activities. 

• All organisms need food because:- 

- It provides energy.

- It helps in growth & development.

- It helps to repair injured tissues.

- It protects the body from infectious diseases.

- It also helps body to recover after illness.

⭐ Food Variety:- Different organisms have different choice of food. 

• Some organisms prefer veg food , some prefer non-veg while some prefer both.

• And they consume different types of food. This is called food variety. 

⭐Ingredient:- Any substances or materials that are required to produce a dish are called Ingredients.

 For eg.- Atta (flour) and water are the two ingredients required to make a chapatti.

⭐ Food Materials and Sources:- 

• Plants act as sources of food ingredients such as fruits, vegetables, grains, pulses etc.

• Animals are sources of food ingredients such as milk, eggs, meat products etc.

⭐ Sources of food:- 

• Some examples of edible plant parts are shown in the image above and their examples are given below:-

• Roots:- beets, carrots, radishes, turnips, ginger etc. 

• Stems:- broccoli stem, bamboo shoots, sugar cane, potato, onion etc. 

• Leaves:- spinach, lettuce, coriander, reddish, fenugreek etc.

• Fruits:- apple, pear, tomatoes, grapes, cherries, oranges etc. 

• Edible Flowers:- broccoli heads, cauliflower heads, Cabbage etc. 

• Seeds:- sunflower seeds, pulses, groundnut, beans etc. 

⭐ What do Animals Eat? 

Animals can be classified into three broad categories in terms of what they eat as can be seen in the image:- 

• Herbivores (plant eaters):- They only consume plant parts/products.

For eg.- Cows, goats, deer, giraffe etc.

• Carnivores (meat eaters):- They only consume meat of other animals.

For eg.- Lions, tigers, vultures, crow etc.

• Omnivores:- The animals who eat both plant and meat products.

For eg.- Humans, bears, dogs, cats, mouse etc.

⭐ Components of Food:- 

There are five major components of food namely vitamins, minerals, proteins, carbohydrates and fats. 

• The diet of carnivores is rich in fats and proteins but there are some necessary vitamins and minerals in plant-based foods that their diet lacks. 

• Similarly a plant-based diet lacks in a good amount of protein and certain minerals.

• There is difference between vegetarians and herbivores.  Vegetarians make a conscious decision to not eat meat, herbivores on the other hand are incapable of eating meat and dairy products. 

• Similarly carnivores lack the necessary enzymes in their stomachs to digest cellulose which is a major component of green food like grass. 

⭐ Classification of food on the basis of functions:- 

i) Energy giving foods:- Energy giving foods are rich in carbohydrates & fats. They provide us energy.

For eg.- cereals, sugars, oils, fatty foods, tubers etc.

ii) Body building foods:- These foods are rich in proteins, minerals, and fats. They provide necessary materials for body building & repair of worn tissues.

For eg.- pulses, beans, milk, fish, eggs g meats etc.

iii) Protective foods:- These foods are rich in vitamins g minerals. They protect us from diseases. 

For eg.- vegetables, fruits, milk etc. 

⭐ Important Definitions:- 

• Nectar:- The juicy sweet liquid secreted by within flowers which is sucked by bees and is made into honey by them

• Sprouting:- The process by which seeds shoot out small white structures as way of growth is called Sprouting.

• Cellulose:- It is a substance that is found in the cell walls of a number of plants. It is an indigestible fibre and is found in grass.

• Enzymes:- It is defined as a chemical substance that helps in bringing about changes to certain other substances without undergoing any changes in themselves.

-- NCERT Solutions -- 

Question 1.- Do you find that all living beings need the same kind of food?

Answer.- No, all living beings do not need same kind of food.

Question 2.- Name five plants and their parts that we eat.

Answer.- The names of five plants and their parts that we eat are:

i) Paddy:- seeds

ii) Wheat:- seeds

iii) Mustard plant:- seeds and leaves

iv) Brinjal plant:- fruits

v) Potato plant:- stems

Question 3.- Match the items given in column A with those in column B.

Answer:- 

Question 4.- Fill up the blanks with the words given:-

herbivore, plant, milk, sugarcane, carnivore

a) Tiger is a__________ because it eats only meat.

b) Deer eats only plant products and so is called______________ .

c) Parrot eats only__________.

d) The_________ that we drink, which comes from cows, buffaloes and goats is an animal product.

e) We get sugar from___________ .

Answer.- 

a) carnivore 

b) herbivore 

c) plant

d) milk 

e) sugarcane

-- Extra Questions --

Question 1.- Name any one plant that grows in water and is eaten as food.

Answer.- Lotus — Stem of lotus is eaten as food.

Question 2.- Suggest any three ways you can think of to avoid wastage of food.

Answer.- 

i) Avoid leaving food uneaten in meals.

ii) “Eat to live” and not “live to eat” — excess eating should be avoided.

iii) Raw food like pulses, grains should be stored properly.

Question 3.-  Name two sugar producing plants.

Answer.- a) Sugarcane         b) Sugarbeet.

Question 4.-  Name a non-green plant that we eat.

Answer.- Mushroom.

Question 5.- What do you call the habit of an individual to eat a particular type of food items commonly?

Answer.- Food habit.

Question 6.- What are the two common sources of most of the ingredients of food items?

Answer.-  i) Plants             ii) Animals

Question 7.- Which type of seeds give more energy, sprouted seeds or normal seeds?

Answer.- Sprouted seeds give more energy than normal seeds.

Question 8.- What is food?

Answer.- The eatable substances eaten by humans and other animals to get energy for various activities for growth and development is called food.

Question 9.- Why should we eat cooked food?

Answer.- We should eat cooked food because by cooking we can kill harmful germs and make it germless. Cooked food can be easily digested and absorbed by our body. Cooking also improves the taste of food.

Question 10.- Explain the importance of food for living organisms.

Answer.- Importance of food is:-

i) It provides energy to do various activities.

ii) It helps in growth.

iii) It helps to repair and replace damaged parts of the body.

iv) It protects us from infections and diseases.

- By Durgesh Pandey

(Eklavya Coaching Institute)

📞 8376976688, 9310533915