Class-7, English (Honeycomb), Chapter - 10 (The Story of Cricket) Summary, Word Meanings, NCERT Solutions & Frequently Asked Questions

 English

(Honeycomb)

Class -7, Chapter - 10

(The Story of Cricket)

Summary, Word Meanings, NCERT Solutions & Frequently Asked Questions

-- Summary --  

⭐ Summary In English:- 

• History of Cricket:- Cricket is one of the forms of the many games played with a ball and bat in England from past 500 years. It evolved as a distinct game around 17th century. Initially, during the mid of the 18th century, the bat used to be like the hockey stick curving outwards. The test matches played in cricket are the only format of any game that is played for five days and can still end in a draw. Another interesting aspect of cricket is that the length of the pitch is 22 yards, but the size of the ground remains unspecified. There are oval as well circular cricket grounds.

• Rules of Cricket:- Rules about cricket were first written around 1744. It gave the umpires the power to resolve any dispute. It specified the stumps to be 22 inches high and the bails across them to be six inches. The ball weigh about five or six ounces and the distance between the two set of stumps was 22 yards. The first cricket club came into existence in Hambledon in 1760s. The first leg-before law was published in 1744 and it was around the same time that the third stump became popular. By 1780 the matches were played for around three days and the first six-seam ball was also created in the same time.

• Cricket Equipment:- The most important equipment associated with cricket continues to be handmade still today. They are made up of natural and pre-industrial materials. The bats are handmade of cork, leather and twine. Only the protective equipment like the pads, gloves and helmets synthetic materials like vulcanized rubber etc are used. Cricket was first played in India in Bombay by the Zoroastrian or Parsi community. The Oriental Cricket Club founded in Bombay in 1848 was the first Indian cricket club. The Parsis had to open built their own Gymkhana following a quarrel with the whites for the Bombay Gymkhana. In 1889 The Bombay Gymkhana team was defeated by the Parsi team.

• Modern Cricket and Use of Technology:- Modern cricket is dominated by Test and one-day internationals format. Some of the great players whom we all fondly remember are the ones who have played in the Test cricket. CK Nayudu is one such great player. He was also the first Test captain of India. India became a Test playing nation in 1932, many years before it got its independence. Test cricket initially was played among various parts of the British Empire and not between sovereign states. The first Test was played between England and Australia. 

Television coverage has brought cricket to every household. With the satellite television, it is now possible to catch live updates of match played anywhere across the world. India has the largest viewer-ship of the game and is the largest market for cricket. One hundred and fifty years ago our Parsi ancestors had to struggle to play the game, but today, Indian cricket players are the best-paid and the most famous in the world.

⭐ Summary In Hindi:- 

• क्रिकेट का इतिहास:- क्रिकेट उन खेलों में से एक है, जो एक डंडे (बैट) तथा एक गेंद से पिछले 500 सालों से इंग्लैंड में खेला जा रहा है। एक अनोखे खेल के तौर पर इसका उदय 17वीं शताब्दी में हुआ था। शुरूआत में 18वीं सदी के मध्य में बैट हॉकी की स्टिक की तरह आगे की ओर मुड़ा हुआ होता था। टेस्ट मैच, जो क्रिकेट के खेल का एक प्रारूप है, एक ऐसा खेल है, जो पाँच दिनों तक चलता है और तब भी बराबरी पर छूट जाता है। क्रिकेट के खेल का रोचक पहलू यह भी है कि इसकी पिच की लंबाई 22 गज होती है, पर खेल के मैदान का आकार अनिश्चित होता है। अंडाकार तथा वृताकार दोनों तरह के खेल के मैदान मौजूद हैं।

• क्रिकेट के नियम:- 1744 ई. के आस-पास पहली बार क्रिकेट के नियम लिखे गए थे। इस नियमावली ने एंपायर को सभी विवादों को सुलझाने का अधिकार दिया था। नियम में विकेट की ऊँचाई 22 इंच तथा उसके ऊपर रखे जाने वाले बेल्स की लंबाई 6 इंच रखने को कहा गया। गेंद का भार 5 या 6 औस तथा पिच की लंबाई 22 गज प्रस्तावित की गई। 1760 ई. में हैमब्लेडन में पहला क्रिकेट क्लब अस्तित्व में आया था। पगबाधा का पहला नियम 1744 ई. में छपा था तथा लगभग इसी समय तीसरा विकेट शब्द प्रचलन में आया था। 1780 ई. में तीन-दिवसीय मैच होते थे तथा उसी समय पहली बार छ: जोड़ों वाली गेंद चलन में आई थी। क्रिकेट से जुड़े ज्यादातर उपकरण आज भी हाथ से ही बने हुए होते हैं। वे या तो प्राकृतिक या फिर उद्योग-पूर्व की चीजों से बने हुए होते हैं। बल्ले हाथ से बने होते हैं, जिनमें कॉर्क, चमड़ा तथा ट्वाइन आदि का प्रयोग होता है। रक्षात्मक उपकरण; जैसे-पैड़, दस्ताने, हैलमेट आदि में मानव-निर्मित सख्त रबर का प्रयोग होता है।

• क्रिकेट के उपकरण:- क्रिकेट से जुड़े ज्यादातर उपकरण आज भी हाथ से ही बने हुए होते हैं। वे या तो प्राकृतिक या फिर उद्योग-पूर्व की चीजों से बने हुए होते हैं। बल्ले हाथ से बने होते हैं, जिनमें कॉर्क, चमड़ा तथा ट्वाइन आदि का प्रयोग होता है। रक्षात्मक उपकरण; जैसे-पैड़, दस्ताने, हैलमेट आदि में मानव-निर्मित सख्त रबर का प्रयोग होता है। भारत में क्रिकेट पहली बार मुंबई में खेला गया था-जीरोस्ट्रियन तथा पारसी समुदायों के बीच 1848 ई. में मुंबई में प्रथम भारतीय क्रिकेट क्लब ‘द ओरिएंटल क्रिकेट क्लब’ की स्थापना हुई थी। मुंबई जिमखाना को लेकर जब पारसी तथा गोरे लोगों के बीच लड़ाई हुई थी, तो पारसी लोगों ने अपना निजी जिमखाना खोल लिया था। 1889 ई. में बांबे जिमखाना की टीम को पारसी लोगों ने हरा दिया था।

• आधुनिक क्रिकेट तथा तकनीक का प्रयोग:- आधुनिक क्रिकेट में टेस्ट तथा एकदिवसीय मैचों का दबदबा है। कुछ महान् क्रिकेटरों, जिन्हें हम बड़े चाव से याद करते हैं, वही हैं, जिन्होंने टेस्ट क्रिकेट खेला है। सी के नायडू ऐसे ही एक महान् खिलाड़ी थे, वे भारत के टेस्ट क्रिकेट के प्रथम कप्तान भी थे। अपने देश की आजादी से कई साल पहले वर्ष 1982 में भारत एक टेस्ट खेलने वाला देश बना था,। पहले टेस्ट मैच ब्रिटिश साम्राज्य के विभिन्न उपनिवेशों के बीच ही खेले जाते थे, न कि स्वतंत्र राष्ट्रों के बीच। स्वतंत्र राष्ट्रों के बीच पहला टेस्ट इंग्लैंड व ऑस्ट्रेलिया के बीच खेला गया था।

टेलीविजन प्रसारण ने क्रिकेट को प्रत्येक घर तक ला दिया। सेटेलाइट टेलीविजन की मदद से पूरी दुनिया में कहीं भी हो रहे क्रिकेट मैच का हम आनंद ले सकते हैं। भारत दुनिया का सबसे बड़ा क्रिकेट का बाजार है और इस खेल के सबसे ज्यादा दर्शक भी यहीं हैं। 150 साल पहले हमारे पारसी पूर्वज इस खेल को खेलने में बड़ा संघर्ष करते थे, पर आज भारतीय क्रिकेटर दुनियाभर में सबसे ज्यादा धन पाते हैं और वे दुनियाभर में मशहूर भी हैं।

-- Word Meanings --

• Grow - बढ़ना 

• Ago - पहले

• Played - खेले हुए 

• Evolve - विकसित होना

• Recognisable - पहचान बनाने योग्य

• Distinct - अलग

• Peculiarities - खासियत 

• Go on - जारी रखना 

• Innings - पारीयाँ

• Shortened - छोटा

• Version - रुप

• Length - लंबाई

• Specify -

• Lay down - बनाना

• Dimensions - आयाम 

• Oval - अण्डाकार 

• Codify - क़ानूनों / नियमों को व्‍यवस्थित करना

• Draw up - तैयार करना 

• Club - संघ

• Form - बनाना 

• Weight - भार

• Ounce - तोल 

• Width - चौड़ाई 

• Leather - चमड़ा

• Twine - सुतली

• Cork - काग 

• Westernise - पाश्‍चात्‍य रंग में रँगना

• Assured - आश्‍वासन देना, भरोसा दिलाना

• Transformation - रूपांतरण

-- NCERT Solutions --

Comprehension Check - I

Question 1:- Cricket is originally a/an

a) Indian game.

b) British game.

c) International game.

Mark the right answer.

Solution:- b) a British game.

Question 2:- “There is a historical reason behind both these oddities.” In the preceding two paragraphs, find two words/phrases that mean the same as ‘oddities’.

Solution:- 

• peculiarities

• curious characteristic

Question 3:- How is a cricket bat different from a hockey stick?

Solution:- A cricket bat is thick and flat while a hockey stick is bent at the bottom.

Comprehension Check - II

Question 1:- Write True or False against each of the following sentences.

a) India joined the world of Test cricket before independence.

b) The colonisers did nothing to encourage the Parsis in playing cricket.

c) Palwankar Baloo was India’s first Test captain.

d) Australia played its first Test against England as sovereign nation.

Solution:- 

a) True

b) True

c) False

d) False

Comprehension Check - III

Question 1:- A ‘professional’ cricket player is one who makes a living by playing cricket. Find the opposite of ‘professional’ in the last paragraph.

Solution:- Amateur

Question 2:- In “the triumph of the one-day game”, ‘triumph’ means the one-day game’s

a) superiority to Test cricket

b) inferiority to Test cricket.

c) achievement or success over Test cricket.

d) popularity among viewers.

Mark the right answer.

Solution:- d) popularity among viewers

Question 3:- “ the men for whom the world is a stage”.

a) It refers to the famous cricket fields in the world.

b) It means that there are many cricket playing countries in the world.

c) It implies that cricketers are like actors and every cricket ground is like a stage on which the drama of cricket is enacted the world over.

Mark the right answer.

Solution:- c) It implies that cricketers are like actors and every cricket ground is like a stage on which the drama of cricket is enacted the world over.

Working with the Text

Question 1:- Name some stick-and-ball games that you have witnessed or heard of.

Solution:- Hockey, Polo, squash, golf.

Question 2:- The Parsis were the first Indian community to take to cricket. Why?

Solution:- Parsis were in the close contact with the British because of their interest in trade. They were the first Indian community to westernise and went up taking up the game of cricket.

Question 3:- The rivalry between the Parsis and the Bombay Gymkhana had a happy ending for the former. What does ‘a happy ending’ refer to?

Solution:- ‘Happy ending’ refers to the defeat of the Bombay Gymkhana by the Parsi club in a cricket match held in 1889.

Question 4:- Do you think cricket owes its present popularity to television? Justify your answer.

Solution:- Yes, cricket owes its popularity to television. It has expanded the audience of the game by taking cricket to villages and small town.

Children from these places now had the chance to learn the game seeing the international games and imitating their favourite cricketers.

Question 5:- Why has cricket a large viewership in India, not in China or Russia?

Solution:- Cricket is not played in communist countries like China and Russia so it has less viewership there. India is one of the oldest cricket playing nation which further adds to its large viewership in the country.

Question 6:- What do you understand by the game’s (cricket) ‘equipment’?

Solution:- The accessories like bat, ball, stumps and bells are the equipment used in playing the game. Pads, helmets and gloves are protective equipment used while playing cricket.

Question 7:- How is Test cricket a unique game in many ways?

Solution:- Test cricket is unique because it can go on for five days and still can end with a draw. No other game requires even half of this time to finish. A football match is played for 90 minutes.

Even nine innings of a baseball match gets over less than what it takes to finish a one-day match.

Question 8:- How is cricket different from other team games?

Solution:- Cricket is different from other team games because in cricket, the length of the pitch is mentioned as 22 yards however, the shape of the ground could be oval or circular. There is no specific measurement for the size of the ground as well.

It is the only game played for five days and can end without a specific result. Unlike cricket, many other popular games like hockey or football follows certain specification for grounds

Question 9:- How have advances in technology affected the game of cricket?

Solution:- Advancement in technology has been used in manufacturing protective equipment in cricket. The newly invented vulcanised rubber was used in pads and gloves. The helmets are made up of metal and lightweight synthetic materials.

-- Frequently Asked Questions --

Question 1:- Name one cricket ground that is oval in shape.

Solution:- Adelaide Oval cricket ground is oval in shape.

Question 2:- Mention the year when the cricket rules were written for the first time

Solution:- Cricket rules were written for the first time in 1744.

Question 3:- State two changes that were seen in the game of cricket around 1780.

Solution:- By 1780, a Test match was played for average three days. It was also the period when the first six-seam cricket ball was created.

Question 4:- The game of cricket traces its origin from where?

Solution:- The game of cricket traces its origin from rural England.

Question 5:- Where and by which community cricket was initially played in India?

Solution:- Cricket was initially played in Bombay by the Parsi community.

Question 6:- What are the changes the cricket bat has undergone with time?

Solution:- Initially the cricket bat was similar to the shape of hockey bat because the ball was bowled underarm. The bowlers then began to pitch the ball through the air rather than rolling it on ground. The curved bats were then replaced by the straight ones. Initially the bat was made by a single piece of wood. These days it consists of two pieces. The blade is made of willow wood while the handle is of cane.

Question 7:- CK Nayudu name is recorded in the history of cricket. What are. the reasons that make him a legend?

Solution:- CK Nayudu is revered because he was an outstanding batsman. He was one of the few initial Indian cricketers who got to play the test match cricket. Nayudu created history by becoming the first captain of the Indian Test team.

Question 8:- During the 1760 and 1770s, it became common to pitch the ball through the air. What changes it brought in to the game of cricket?

Solution:- Following the above mentioned trend, one immediate change was the replacement of the curved bats by the straight ones. The bowlers got the options of length, deception through air and increased pace because of this. It opened new possibilities for spin and swing bowling. In response to tricks applied by the bowlers, the batsmen had to improve their timings and shot selection.

Question 9:- Explain elaborately India’s dominance in the world cricket today.

Solution:- India has the largest viewership for the game of cricket among all the test playing nations. It is also the largest market in the cricketing world. It has made the centre of gravity to shift towards South Asia from the country it originated.

The ICC headquarters too were shifted from London to Dubai where it is tax-free. The Indian cricket players are the best paid in the international cricket. They are famous and have got millions of supporters. 

-- By Durgesh Pandey

(Eklavya Coaching Institute)